Alternative Equation Formats

The equation on this page is available in multiple formats. Depending on your browser, some formats might not render correctly.

MathML

ϕ ^ 0 = χ 2 ( n p ) j ( n j 1 ) ( 1 v j d j )

Math Rendered as SVG

Math as LaTeX Source

\[ \hat{\phi }_0 = \frac{\chi ^2 - (n - p)}{\sum _ j (n_ j - 1)(1-v_ jd_ j)} \]