You can select one of the following two types of graphics in PROC PROBIT: ODS and traditional. ODS Graphics is the preferred method of creating graphs, superseding traditional graphs.
When ODS Graphics is enabled, you can use the PLOTS= option in the PROC PROBIT statement to create plots by using ODS Graphics. For more information about ODS Graphics options, see the PLOTS= option.
There are four plot statements that you can use to request traditional high-resolution plots: CDFPLOT, IPPPLOT, LPREDPLOT, and PREDPPLOT. Some of these statements apply only to either the binomial model or the multinomial model. Table 8 shows the availability of these statements for different models.
Table 8: Plot Statement Availability
| Statement | Binomial | Multinomial | |
|---|---|---|---|
| CDFPLOT | No | Yes | |
| IPPPLOT | Yes | No | |
| LPREDPLOT | Yes | Yes | |
| PREDPPLOT | Yes | Yes |
The following example uses the data set study in the section Estimating the Natural Response Threshold Parameter to illustrate how to create high-resolution plots for the binomial model:
proc probit data=study log10 optc;
model respond/number=dose;
predpplot var=dose cfit=blue; inset;
lpredplot var=dose cfit=blue; inset;
ippplot var=dose cfit=blue; inset/pos=se;
run;
All plot statements must follow the MODEL statement. The VAR= option specifies a continuous independent variable (dose variable) against which the predicted probability or the linear predictor is plotted. The INSET statement requests the inset box with summary information. See the section INSET Statement for more details.
The PREDPPLOT statement creates a plot that shows the relationship between dosage level, observed response proportions, and estimated probability values. See the section PREDPPLOT Statement for more details. The IPPPLOT statement creates a similar plot. See the section IPPPLOT Statement for details about this plot. The LPREDPLOT statement creates a linear predictor plot, which is described in the section LPREDPLOT Statement.
The following example uses the data set multi from Example 100.2 to illustrate how to create high-resolution plots for the multinomial model:
proc probit data=multi order=data;
class prep;
model symptoms=prep ldose;
cdfplot var=ldose level=("None" "Mild" "Severe")
cfit=blue cframe=ligr noconf;
lpredplot var=ldose level=("None" "Mild" "Severe")
cfit=blue cframe=ligr;
predpplot var=ldose level=("None" "Mild" "Severe")
cfit=blue cframe=ligr;
weight n;
run;
The CDFPLOT statement creates a plot that shows the relationship between the cumulative response probabilities and the dose levels. The multinomial model plots are similar to those with the binomial model.
You can specify the following option in the PROC LIFEREG statement:
CDFPLOT <VAR=variable> <options>;
The CDFPLOT statement plots the predicted cumulative distribution function (CDF) of the multinomial response variable as a function of a single continuous independent variable (dose variable). You can use this statement only after a multinomial model statement.
Table 9 through Table 15 summarize the options available in the CDFPLOT statement. The Dictionary of Options describes each option in detail.
Table 9: CDFPLOT Statement Options
| LEVEL=(character-list) | Specifies the names of the levels for which the CDF curves are requested |
| NOTHRESH | Suppresses the threshold line |
| THRESHLABPOS=value | Specifies the position for the label of the threshold line |
Table 10: Color Options
| CAXIS=color | Specifies color for axis |
| CFIT=color | Specifies color for fitted curves |
| CFRAME=color | Specifies color for frame |
| CGRID=color | Specifies color for grid lines |
| CHREF=color | Specifies color for HREF= lines |
| CLABBOX=color | Specifies color for label box |
| CTEXT=color | Specifies color for text |
| CVREF=color | Specifies color for VREF= lines |
Table 11: Options to Enhance Plots Produced on Graphics Devices
| ANNOTATE=SAS-data-set | Specifies an Annotate data set |
| INBORDER | Requests a border around plot |
| LFIT=linetype | Specifies line style for fitted curves |
| LGRID=linetype | Specifies line style for grid lines |
| NOFIT | Suppresses CDF curves |
| NOFRAME | Suppresses the frame around plotting areas |
| NOGRID | Suppresses grid lines |
| NOHLABEL | Suppresses horizontal labels |
| NOHTICK | Suppresses horizontal ticks |
| NOVTICK | Suppresses vertical ticks |
| TURNVLABELS | Vertically strings out characters in vertical labels |
| WFIT=n | Specifies thickness for fitted curves |
| WGRID=n | Specifies thickness for grids |
| WREFL=n | Specifies thickness for reference lines |
Table 12: Axis Options
| HAXIS=value1 to value2 <by value3> | Specifies tick mark values for horizontal axis |
| HLOWER=value | Specifies lower limit on horizontal axis scale |
| HOFFSET=value | Specifies offset for horizontal axis |
| HUPPER=value | Specifies upper limit on horizontal axis scale |
| NHTICK=n | Specifies number of ticks for horizontal axis |
| NVTICK=n | Specifies number of ticks for vertical axis |
| VAXIS=value1 to value2 <by value3> | Specifies tick mark values for vertical axis |
| VAXISLABEL='label' | Specifies label for vertical axis |
| VLOWER=value | Specifies lower limit on vertical axis scale |
| VOFFSET=value | Specifies offset for vertical axis |
| VUPPER=value | Specifies upper limit on vertical axis scale |
| WAXIS=n | Specifies thickness for axis |
Table 13: Graphics Catalog Options
| DESCRIPTION='string' | Specifies description for graphics catalog member |
| NAME='string' | Specifies name for plot in graphics catalog |
Table 14: Options for Text Enhancement
| FONT=font | Specifies software font for text |
| HEIGHT=value | Specifies height of text outside framed areas |
| INHEIGHT=value | Specifies height of text inside framed areas |
Table 15: Options for Reference Lines
| HREF< (INTERSECT)>=value-list | Requests horizontal reference line |
| HREFLABELS=('label1',…,'labeln') | Specifies labels for HREF= lines |
| HREFLABPOS=n | Specifies vertical position of labels for HREF= lines |
| LHREF=linetype | Specifies line style for HREF= lines |
| LVREF=linetype | Specifies line style for VREF= lines |
| VREF<(INTERSECT)>=value-list | Requests vertical reference line |
| VREFLABELS=('label1',…,'labeln') | Specifies labels for VREF= lines |
| VREFLABPOS=n | Specifies horizontal position of labels for VREF= lines |
The following entries provide detailed descriptions of the options in the CDFPLOT statement.
INSET <keyword-list> </ options>;
The box or table of summary information produced on plots made with the CDFPLOT, IPPPLOT, LPREDPLOT, or PREDPPLOT statement is called an inset. You can use the INSET statement to customize both the information that is printed in the inset box and the appearance of the inset box. To supply the information that is displayed in the inset box, you specify keywords corresponding to the information you want shown. For example, the following statements produce a predicted probability plot with the number of trials, the number of events, the name of the distribution, and the estimated optimum natural threshold in the inset.
proc probit data=epidemic;
model r/n = dose;
predpplot;
inset nobs ntrials nevents dist optc;
run;
By default, inset entries are identified with appropriate labels. However, you can provide a customized label by specifying the keyword for that entry followed by the equal sign (=) and the label in quotes. For example, the following INSET statement produces an inset containing the number of observations and the name of the distribution, labeled "Sample Size" and "Distribution" in the inset.
inset nobs='Sample Size' dist='Distribution';
If you specify a keyword that does not apply to the plot you are creating, then the keyword is ignored.
The options control the appearance of the box.
If you specify more than one INSET statement, only the first one is used.
Table 16 and Table 17 list keywords available in the INSET statement to display summary statistics, distribution parameters, and distribution fitting information.
Table 16: Summary Statistics
| C | User-input threshold |
| NEVENTS | Number of events |
| NOBS | Number of observations |
| NRESPLEV | Number of levels of the response variable |
| NTRIALS | Number of trials |
| OPTC | Estimated natural threshold |
Table 17: General Information
| CONFIDENCE | Confidence coefficient for all confidence intervals |
| DIST | Name of the distribution |
Table 18 and Table 19 list the options available in the INSET statement.
Table 18: Color and Pattern Options
| CFILL=color | Specifies color for filling box |
| CFILLH=color | Specifies color for filling box header |
| CFRAME=color | Specifies color for frame |
| CHEADER=color | Specifies color for text in header |
| CTEXT=color | Specifies color for text |
Table 19: General Appearance Options
| FONT=font | Specifies software font for text |
| HEADER=’'quoted-string' | Specifies text for header or box title |
| HEIGHT=value | Specifies height of text |
| NOFRAME | Omits frame around box |
| POS= value | |
| <DATA | PERCENT> | Determines the position of the inset. The value can be a compass point (N, NE, E, SE, S, SW, W, NW) or a pair of coordinates (x, y) enclosed in parentheses. The coordinates can be specified in axis percentage units or axis data units. |
| REFPOINT= name | Specifies the reference point for an inset that is positioned by a pair of coordinates with the POS= option. You use the REFPOINT= option in conjunction with the POS= coordinates. The REFPOINT= option specifies which corner of the inset frame you have specified with coordinates (x, y), and it can take the value of BR (bottom right), BL (bottom left), TR (top right), or TL (top left). The default is REFPOINT=BL. If the inset position is specified as a compass point, then the REFPOINT= option is ignored. |
IPPPLOT <variable> <options>;
The IPPPLOT statement plots the inverse of the predicted probability (IPP) against a single continuous variable (dose variable) in the MODEL statement for the binomial model. You can use this statement only after a binomial model statement. The confidence limits for the predicted values of the dose variable are the computed fiducial limits, not the inverse of the confidence limits of the predicted probabilities. See the section Inverse Confidence Limits for more details.
Table 20 through Table 26 summarize the options available in the IPPPLOT statement. The Dictionary of Options describes each option in detail.
Table 20: Plot Layout Options for the IPPPLOT Statement
| NOCONF | Suppresses fiducial limits |
| NODATA | Suppresses observed data points on the plot |
| NOTHRESH | Suppresses the threshold line |
| THRESHLABPOS=value | Specifies the position for the label of the threshold line |
Table 21: Color Options
| CAXIS=color | Specifies color for axis |
| CFIT=color | Specifies color for fitted curves |
| CFRAME=color | Specifies color for frame |
| CGRID=color | Specifies color for grid lines |
| CHREF=color | Specifies color for HREF= lines |
| CTEXT=color | Specifies color for text |
| CVREF=color | Specifies color for VREF= lines |
Table 22: Options to Enhance Plots Produced on Graphics Devices
| ANNOTATE=SAS-data-set | Specifies an Annotate data set |
| INBORDER | Requests a border around plot |
| LFIT=linetype | Specifies line style for fitted curves and confidence limits |
| LGRID=linetype | Specifies line style for grid lines |
| NOFIT | Suppresses fitted curves |
| NOFRAME | Suppresses the frame around plotting areas |
| NOGRID | Suppresses grid lines |
| NOHLABEL | Suppresses horizontal labels |
| NOHTICK | Suppresses horizontal ticks |
| NOVTICK | Suppresses vertical ticks |
| TURNVLABELS | Vertically strings out characters in vertical labels |
| WFIT=n | Specifies thickness for fitted curves |
| WGRID=n | Specifies thickness for grids |
| WREFL=n | Specifies thickness for reference lines |
Table 23: Axis Options
| HAXIS=value1 to value2 <by value3> | Specifies tick mark values for horizontal axis |
| HLOWER=value | Specifies lower limit on horizontal axis scale |
| HOFFSET=value | Specifies offset for horizontal axis |
| HUPPER=value | Specifies upper limit on horizontal axis scale |
| NHTICK=n | Specifies number of ticks for horizontal axis |
| NVTICK=n | Specifies number of ticks for vertical axis |
| VAXIS=value1 to value2 <by value3> | Specifies tick mark values for vertical axis |
| VAXISLABEL='label' | Specifies label for vertical axis |
| VLOWER=value | Specifies lower limit on vertical axis scale |
| VOFFSET=value | Specifies offset for vertical axis |
| VUPPER=value | Specifies upper limit on vertical axis scale |
| WAXIS=n | Specifies thickness for axis |
Table 24: Options for Reference Lines
| HREF<(INTERSECT)>=value-list | Requests horizontal reference line |
| HREFLABELS=('label1',…,'labeln') | Specifies labels for HREF= lines |
| HREFLABPOS=n | Specifies vertical position of labels for HREF= lines |
| LHREF=linetype | Specifies line style for HREF= lines |
| LVREF=linetype | Specifies line style for VREF= lines |
| VREF<(INTERSECT)> =value-list | Requests vertical reference line |
| VREFLABELS=('label1',…,'labeln') | Specifies labels for VREF= lines |
| VREFLABPOS=n | Specifies horizontal position of labels for VREF= lines |
Table 25: Graphics Catalog Options
| DESCRIPTION='string' | Specifies description for graphics catalog member |
| NAME='string' | Specifies name for plot in graphics catalog |
Table 26: Options for Text Enhancement
| FONT=font | Specifies software font for text |
| HEIGHT=value | Specifies height of text outside framed areas |
| INHEIGHT=value | Specifies height of text inside framed areas |
The following entries provide detailed descriptions of the options in the IPPPLOT statement.
LPREDPLOT <VAR=variable> <options>;
The LPREDPLOT statement plots the linear predictor (LPRED) against a single continuous variable (dose variable) in the MODEL statement for either the binomial model or the multinomial model. The confidence limits for the predicted values are available only for the binomial model.
Table 27 through Table 33 list all options by function. The Dictionary of Options describes each option in detail.
Table 27: Plot Layout Options for the LPREDPLOT Statement
| LEVEL=(character-list) | Specifies the names of the levels for which the linear predictor lines are requested (only for the multinomial model ) |
| NOCONF | Suppresses fiducial limits (only for the binomial model) |
| NODATA | Suppresses observed data points on the plot (only for the binomial model) |
| NOTHRESH | Suppresses the threshold line |
| THRESHLABPOS=value | Specifies the position for the label of the threshold line |
Table 28: Color Options
| CAXIS=color | Specifies color for axis |
| CFIT=color | Specifies color for fitted curves |
| CFRAME=color | Specifies color for frame |
| CGRID=color | Specifies color for grid lines |
| CHREF=color | Specifies color for HREF= lines |
| CTEXT=color | Specifies color for text |
| CVREF=color | Specifies color for VREF= lines |
Table 29: Options to Enhance Plots Produced on Graphics Devices
| ANNOTATE=SAS-data-set | Specifies an Annotate data set |
| INBORDER | Requests a border around plot |
| LFIT=linetype | Specifies line style for fitted curves and confidence limits |
| LGRID=linetype | Specifies line style for grid lines |
| NOFIT | Suppresses fitted curves |
| NOFRAME | Suppresses the frame around plotting areas |
| NOGRID | Suppresses grid lines |
| NOHLABEL | Suppresses horizontal labels |
| NOHTICK | Suppresses horizontal ticks |
| NOVTICK | Suppresses vertical ticks |
| TURNVLABELS | Vertically strings out characters in vertical labels |
| WFIT=n | Specifies thickness for fitted curves |
| WGRID=n | Specifies thickness for grids |
| WREFL=n | Specifies thickness for reference lines |
Table 30: Axis Options
| HAXIS=value1 to value2 <by value3> | Specifies tick mark values for horizontal axis |
| HLOWER=value | Specifies lower limit on horizontal axis scale |
| HOFFSET=value | Specifies offset for horizontal axis |
| HUPPER=value | Specifies upper limit on horizontal axis scale |
| NHTICK=n | Specifies number of ticks for horizontal axis |
| NVTICK=n | Specifies number of ticks for vertical axis |
| VAXIS=value1 to value2 <by value3> | Specifies tick mark values for vertical axis |
| VAXISLABEL='label' | Specifies label for vertical axis |
| VLOWER=value | Specifies lower limit on vertical axis scale |
| VOFFSET=value | Specifies offset for vertical axis |
| VUPPER=value | Specifies upper limit on vertical axis scale |
| WAXIS=n | Specifies thickness for axis |
Table 31: Graphics Catalog Options
| DESCRIPTION='string' | Specifies description for graphics catalog member |
| NAME='string' | Specifies name for plot in graphics catalog |
Table 32: Options for Text Enhancement
| FONT=font | Specifies software font for text |
| HEIGHT=value | Specifies height of text outside framed areas |
| INHEIGHT=value | Specifies height of text inside framed areas |
Table 33: Options for Reference Lines
| HREF<(INTERSECT)>=value-list | Requests horizontal reference line |
| HREFLABELS=('label1',…,'labeln') | Specifies labels for HREF= lines |
| HREFLABPOS=n | Specifies vertical position of labels for HREF= lines |
| LHREF=linetype | Specifies line style for HREF= lines |
| LVREF=linetype | Specifies line style for VREF= lines |
| VREF<(INTERSECT)>=value-list | Requests vertical reference line |
| VREFLABELS=('label1',…,'labeln') | Specifies labels for VREF= lines |
| VREFLABPOS=n | Specifies horizontal position of labels for VREF= lines |
The following entries provide detailed descriptions of the options in the LPREDPLOT statement.
PREDPPLOT <VAR=variable> <options>;
The PREDPPLOT statement plots the predicted probability against a single continuous variable (dose variable) in the MODEL statement for both the binomial model and the multinomial model. Confidence limits are available only for the binomial model. An attached box on the right side of the plot is used to label predicted probability curves with the names of their levels for the multinomial model. You can specify the color of this box by using the CLABBOX= option.
Table 34 through Table 40 list all options by function. The Dictionary of Options describes each option in detail.
Table 34: Plot Layout Options for the PREDPPLOT Statement
| LEVEL=(character-list) | Specifies the names of the levels for which the predicted probability curves are requested (only for the multinomial model) |
| NOCONF | Suppresses confidence limits |
| NODATA | Suppresses observed data points on the plot |
| NOTHRESH | Suppresses the threshold line |
| THRESHLABPOS=value | Specifies the position for the label of the threshold line |
Table 35: Color Options
| CAXIS=color | Specifies color for the axes |
| CFIT=color | Specifies color for fitted curves |
| CFRAME=color | Specifies color for frame |
| CGRID=color | Specifies color for grid lines |
| CHREF=color | Specifies color for HREF= lines |
| CLABBOX=color | Specifies color for label box |
| CTEXT=color | Specifies color for text |
| CVREF=color | Specifies color for VREF= lines |
Table 36: Options to Enhance Plots Produced on Graphics Devices
| ANNOTATE=SAS-data-set | Specifies an Annotate data set |
| INBORDER | Requests a border around plot |
| LFIT=linetype | Specifies line style for fitted curves and confidence limits |
| LGRID=linetype | Specifies line style for grid lines |
| NOFIT | Suppresses fitted curves |
| NOFRAME | Suppresses the frame around plotting areas |
| NOGRID | Suppresses grid lines |
| NOHLABEL | Suppresses horizontal labels |
| NOHTICK | Suppresses horizontal ticks |
| NOVTICK | Suppresses vertical ticks |
| TURNVLABELS | Vertically strings out characters in vertical labels |
| WFIT=n | Specifies thickness for fitted curves |
| WGRID=n | Specifies thickness for grids |
| WREFL=n | Specifies thickness for reference lines |
Table 37: Axis Options
| HAXIS=value1 to value2 <by value3> | Specifies tick mark values for horizontal axis |
| HLOWER=value | Specifies lower limit on horizontal axis scale |
| HOFFSET=value | Specifies offset for horizontal axis |
| HUPPER=value | Specifies upper limit on horizontal axis scale |
| NHTICK=n | Specifies number of ticks for horizontal axis |
| NVTICK=n | Specifies number of ticks for vertical axis |
| VAXIS=value1 to value2 <by value3> | Specifies tick mark values for vertical axis |
| VAXISLABEL='label' | Specifies label for vertical axis |
| VLOWER=value | Specifies lower limit on vertical axis scale |
| VOFFSET=value | Specifies offset for vertical axis |
| VUPPER=value | Specifies upper limit on vertical axis scale |
| WAXIS=n | Specifies thickness for axis |
Table 38: Graphics Catalog Options
| DESCRIPTION='string' | Specifies description for graphics catalog member |
| NAME='string' | Specifies name for plot in graphics catalog |
Table 39: Options for Text Enhancement
| FONT=font | Specifies software font for text |
| HEIGHT=value | Specifies height of text outside framed areas |
| INHEIGHT=value | Specifies height of text inside framed areas |
Table 40: Options for Reference Lines
| HREF<(INTERSECT)>=value-list | Requests horizontal reference line |
| HREFLABELS=('label1',…,'labeln') | Specifies labels for HREF= lines |
| HREFLABPOS=n | Specifies vertical position of labels for HREF= lines |
| LHREF=linetype | Specifies line style for HREF= lines |
| LVREF=linetype | Specifies line style for VREF= lines |
| VREF<(INTERSECT)>=value-list | Requests vertical reference line |
| VREFLABELS=('label1',…,'labeln') | Specifies labels for VREF= lines |
| VREFLABPOS=n | Specifies horizontal position of labels for VREF= lines |
The following entries provide detailed descriptions of the options in the PREDPPLOT statement.