The CSPATIALREG Procedure

The BOUNDS statement imposes simple boundary constraints on the parameter estimates. You can specify any number of BOUNDS statements.

Each bound is composed of parameter names, constants, and inequality operators as follows:

Each item is a constant, a parameter name, or a list of parameter names. Each operator is <, >, <=, or >=. Parameter names are as shown in the Parameter column of the "Parameter Estimates" table. If a parameter name contains a blank or some other special character (such as '*', '-', '(', or ')'), then you must use the internal name of the parameter to refer to that parameter in the BOUNDS statement. You can specify the PRINTINTERNALNAMES option in the PROC CSPATIALREG statement if you want to see the internal names of the parameters. When you specify the PRINTINTERNALNAMES option, the "Parameter Estimates" table includes an additional column that shows the internal name of each parameter.

You can use both the BOUNDS statement and the RESTRICT statement to impose boundary constraints. However, the BOUNDS statement provides a simpler syntax for specifying these kinds of constraints. For more information about the RESTRICT statement, see the section RESTRICT Statement.

The following BOUNDS statement constrains the estimates of the parameter for z to be negative, the parameters for x1 through x10 to be between 0 and 1, and the parameter for the spatial lag of x1 to be less than 1:

bounds z < 0,
       0 < x1-x10 < 1,
       W_x1 < 1;